Element 29 of 37
N-acetyl-L-cysteine
NAC
Antioxidant & Insulin Support
Medically reviewed by Dr Zainab Ajmal · Last reviewed
Evidence grade: Low-to-moderate (small RCTs; one meta-analysis)
NAC is a precursor to glutathione, the body's primary intracellular antioxidant. In women with PCOS it has been studied for insulin sensitivity and ovulation, with results comparable to metformin in some small trials.
- Form
- N-acetyl-L-cysteine
- Typical studied dose
- 600 mg two to three times daily (1.2–1.8 g/day)
- Safety notes
- Generally well tolerated; nausea and GI upset are the most common side effects. Rare bronchospasm in people with asthma. Avoid combining with nitroglycerin (severe headache/hypotension). Theoretical additive effect with blood thinners.
What it does
NAC replenishes glutathione and has been studied as an adjunct for insulin resistance and ovulation induction in PCOS. Evidence is promising but comes from small trials of mixed quality.
The science
NAC is a precursor to glutathione, the body's primary intracellular antioxidant.
Most relevant for
Women with PCOS and insulin resistance; people looking for glutathione support. Not a replacement for prescribed treatment.
Key references
Personalise your stack
General wellness information, not medical advice. Consult your healthcare provider before starting any supplement.